ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF OLEAEUROPAEA AND CUMINUM CYMINUM EXTRACT

Abstract

Antibacterial activities of Oleaeuropaea and Cuminum cyminum in bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli&Pseudomonas aeruginosawere investigated. Antifungal activities of Oleaeuropaea and Cuminum cyminum in fungal strains Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum&Candida albicanswere investigated. Eight different volumes (3.1µl, 6.25µl, 12.5µl, 25µl, 50µl, 100µl, 250µl, 500µl) containing different amounts (v/v%) of Olea europaea oil were used for the antibacterial activity. The different concentrations of Cuminum cyminum [3.1µl (1.55mg), 6.25µl (3.1mg), 12.5µl (6.25mg), 25µl (12.5mg), 50µl (25mg), 100µl (50mg), 200µl (100mg)] were used. The bacterial growth was checked by measuring optical density (OD) using a spectrophotometer at 600 nm. To analyze the antifungal activity of plant extracts (O. europaea: 150 µl, 300 µl, 600 µland C. cyminum: 75 mg, 150mg, 300 mg), antifungal assay was designed. For antifungal activity, three different concentrations [604.80µl (300 mg), 302.40µl (150 mg) and 151.20µl (75 mg)] of Cuminum cyminum seeds extracts were prepared in solvents DMSO and methanol separately [50% (v/v)]. With methanol extracts of Olive oil (50 µl) and cumin (25 µl/12.5 mg), the maximum antibacterial activity (OD: 0.006) was seen in P. aeruginosa. Maximum antibacterial activity (OD: 0.004) was also seen in the bacterial culture of S. aureus with methanol extract of cumin (25 µl/12.5 mg). A minimum concentration of 150 µl of O. europaea methanol extract showed greater fungal inhibition (RGID: 1.3 cm), against C. albicans. Overall, Cuminum cyminum (methanol extracts) was found more effective as an antibacterial agent as compared to O. europaea. Overall, methanolic extracts of both C. cyminum and O. europaea were more effective in antifungal activities in terms of maximum inhibition as compared to DMSO extracts. In fungal assay, the extract of O. europaea was more effective in solvent methanol on the growth of C. albicans with RGID: 1.3 cm (150 µl) as compared to C. cyminum. Both these plants can be used as pharmaceutical in antifungal and antibacterial infections. Keywords: Cuminum cyminum; Olea europaea; Methanol extract; Dimethylsulfoxide extract; Antibacterial; Antifungal;Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Candida albicans; A. niger; Radial growth inhibition diameter (RGID)