COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF BIO-PESTICIDE AND CHEMICAL PESTICIDE ON THE GROWTH OF MOMORDICACHARANTIAL. (BITTER GOURD)

Abstract

The aim of present research is to increase the awareness about the hazardous effects of synthetic pesticide on common vegetables and fruits of Pakistan. The synthetic pesticide is compared with bio-pesticide, extracted by Solanum nigrum L. which is treated on the seeds of Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). The study was done in Karachi Pakistan from July to November 2017, insect infestation was also observed. The major and minor differences were observed during germination and growth. The fastest germination, stem growth and larger number of leaves were observed in bio-extract treated seeds, whereas the chemical pesticide treated seeds showed the slow rate of germination. Controlled plants showed better growth as compare to the chemical pesticide treated seeds. Flowers and fruits were observed in controlled plant but fruits were died rapidly because of the inappropriate environmental conditions. Highest insect infestation rate was observed in controlled plant which was 46% and lowest insect infestation rate was observed in bio-extract treated plants which was 3%. The effect of sun light and experimental covered area was also investigated. Any kind of soil disease was not observed. Key words: Solanum nigrum L., synthetic pesticide, bitter gourd, bio-pesticide