ANATOMICAL MODIFICATION OF CYPRUS ROOTS IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF PUNJAB PAKISTAN

Abstract

Plants adopt different morphological and physiological strategies for their survival while their anatomical characters are mostly unidentified. Angiosperm and herbaceous plants developed insignificant water transporting channels and storage tissues called parenchyma to survive against environmental stresses. Detailed surveys were conducted throughout the Punjab region for the collection of different species of sedges from different soils. The purpose of the study was to investigate the root anatomical adaptation to salinity stress. The densely spread roots help in plant growth in both temporal and tropical regions. Thick epidermis and endodermis make them drought-resistant by restricting water loss during a wide variety of temperature fluctuations. Larger vascular bundles and thicker cortical area in roots are also significant features of these species to store and transport maximum water from the soil. Each population displayed unique modifications of anatomical characteristics, suggesting its adaptability capacity to a specific environmental situation. Water deficient area showed Intensive sclerification in the root vascular zone, large metaxylem vessels, vascular area and stomatal density